When I want to find some
information, I can pull my cell phone out of my pocket and search for it
using Google (or some other search engine, but
probably Google). I can remember a time when that was not an option. If the
information I needed wasn’t in the dictionary or encyclopedia I had at home (which was already of
date in some areas), I’d have to go to the library for additional references or—heaven forbid—the
morgue of a newspaper office. Getting useful information
was not a trivial affair. The generation before mine that saw a pre-Internet explosion of printed information
after World War II especially felt the difficulty of
keeping up. Evelyn Wood was there with an answer; Marcia Biederman tells her story in Scan Artist.
Evelyn Wood did not invent speed reading. She did not even like the term. However, for decades her name and face was more strongly associated with it than any other person. Though she built her reputation on being a school teacher, she never was not a regular classroom teacher (she was a school counselor) and she was not a reading specialist. She had a master’s degree in speech, earned under the direction of a professor who a studied theater.
Theater may be the lens for looking at Wood’s career. She started writing and staging plays when she was in high school and a college undergraduate. Many of these had religious themes related to her Mormon faith. When she was in Germany, where her husband served as president of the Mormon mission in Frankfurt as the Nazis began their aggressions, she fell in love with the opera and cajoled her way into back stage of the opera house. She began bringing what she learned of stagecraft into her own productions.
Back in the U.S. the Woods put Evelyn’s theatrical skills to work as lecturers on their European experience. They changed their focus as American sentiments shifted from Germany to Britain. They also put a pretty heavy spin on the Mormon relationship with the Nazis and greatly embellished the dangers they face leaving Germany.
Evelyn Wood’s success as
a seller of her speed-reading system was largely built on such theatrics and
embellishments. She claimed student could read thousands of words per minute;
the faster one read the better their comprehension. (The fastest people can
actually read is about 900 words per minute. Anything faster is skimming, and
comprehension suffers when one skims). She managed to get endorsements from senators and she encouraged, or at least never
corrected, the misconception that she was tied to John F. Kennedy and his reportedly fast reading
speed. (Ted Kennedy took her course as a senator, and
staffers in the Kennedy, Nixon and Carter administrations took the course,
including Jimmy Carter himself, though Wood was not the teacher.)
The company she started changed hands and business models several times. A lot of money was made with her name and methods, and in the sale and resale of the company, but the Woods received only a small portion of it. Even so, she was ready to promote herself, her methods and the company that still paid her a consulting fee. She slowed down, but continued to make appearances and accept interview requests even after suffering cancer and a stroke.
While one may sympathize with her, especially in her illness later in life, the Evelyn Wood presented by Biederman is not easy to like. The Wood adopted a teenage girl largely to have a live-in nanny for their natural daughter when they moved to Germany; they never really acknowledge their adopted daughter or even saw her much once she was an adult. Wood was in some ways a con artist who played on the insecurities of her marks, some who were never knocked in spite of the mounting evidence that her program was at best an overprice lesson in skimming.
Wood found a way to take advantage of the insecurity of her day. She built a brand on it. While primarily a biography of Wood, Scan Artist reveals interesting things about America of the time and the obsession with self-improvement. It has not disappeared. Speed-reading apps still claim to greatly increase both speed and comprehension. TED-talkers claim to read a book or more a day. The Internet makes it easy to acquire a shallow knowledge of almost anything quickly, so perhaps people have become satisfied with what they can learn from skimming hundreds of books a year. Deep learning and understanding remains slow and effortful.
Biederman, Marcia. Scan Artist: How Evelyn Wood Convinced the World that Speed-Reading Worked. Chicago: Chicago Review Press, 2019.
